[117] He eventually attempted, but it was too late. Pelican Publishing, Feb 28, 2007 - History - 560 pages. [121], In the spring of 1865, Forrest led an unsuccessful defense of the state of Alabama against Wilson's Raid. Not realizing that the rest of his men had halted their charge when they reached the full U.S. brigade, Forrest charged the brigade alone and soon found himself surrounded. [53], A month later, Forrest was back in action at the Battle of Shiloh, fought April 67, 1862. [21][22] By the time the American Civil War started in 1861, he had become one of the wealthiest men in the Southern United States, having amassed a "personal fortune that he claimed was worth $1.5 million". The Civil War Trust (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and its partners have acquired and preserved 77 acres (0.31 km 2) of the Okolona battlefield. In the ensuing raids, he was pursued by thousands of U.S. soldiers trying to locate his fast-moving forces. Tom Hanks' title character in the film Forrest Gump remarks in one scene that his mother named him after Nathan Bedford Forrest and "we was related to him in some way". [118] When Hood's battle-hardened Army of Tennessee, consisting of 40,000 men deployed in three infantry corps plus 10,000 to 15,000 cavalry, was all but destroyed on December 1516, at the Battle of Nashville,[119] Forrest distinguished himself by commanding the Confederate rear guard in a series of actions that allowed what was left of the army to escape. Joe Rondone/The Commercial Appeal/USA Today Network CNN Crews have started to. I think people may make insensitive comments. [124] The ridgetop commissary he built as a provisioning store for the 1,000 Irish laborers hired to lay the rails became the nucleus of a town, which most residents called "Forrest's Town" and which was incorporated as Forrest City, Arkansas in 1870. He reported for training at Fort Wright near Randolph, Tennessee,[41] joining Captain Josiah White's cavalry company, the Tennessee Mounted Rifles (Seventh Tennessee Cavalry), as a private along with his youngest brother and 15-year-old son. Nathan B. Forrest III was born in Memphis, Tenn., in April 1905. On May 3, Forrest caught up with Streight's unit east of Cedar Bluff, Alabama. In the hasty retreat, they stripped off commemorative badges that read "Remember Fort Pillow" to avoid goading the Confederate force pursuing them.[111]. Similar accounts were reported in many Confederate newspapers at the time. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he raised a cavalry and fought with. The crowd of mourners was estimated to include 20,000 people. "[146] Forrest was the Klan's first and only Grand Wizard, and he was active in recruitment for the Klan from 1867 to 1868. An expert cavalry leader, Forrest was given command of a corps and established new doctrines for mobile forces, earning the nickname "The Wizard of the Saddle". Forrest's responsibility for the massacre continues to be actively debated by historians.[6]. [247] The City Council then voted on December 20, 2017, to sell Health Sciences Park to Memphis Greenspace, a new non-profit corporation not subject to the Heritage Protection Act, which removed the statue and another of Jefferson Davis that same evening. [80], On April 12, 1864, Forrest's men, under Brig. Nathan Bedford Forrest. In 1871, the U.S. Congressional Committee Report stated that "The natural tendency of all such organizations is to violence and crime, hence it was that Gen. Forrest and other men of influence by the exercise of their moral power, induced them to disband". Nathan Bedford Forrest Quotes. The ball went through Forrest's pelvis and lodged near his spine. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Klan's violence was primarily designed to intimidate voters, targeting black and white supporters of the Republican Party. The Blue Raiders' athletic mascot was changed to an ambiguous swash-buckler character called the "Blue Raider" to avoid association with Forrest or the Confederacy. Nathan Bedford Forrest. 410 to overrule the city. [55], Promoted on July 21, 1862, to brigadier general, Forrest was given command of a Confederate cavalry brigade. Nathan Bedford Forrest (13 July 1821 - 29 October 1877) was a Lieutenant-General of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and the founder of the Ku Klux Klan terrorist group. . [126], He later found employment at the Selma-based Marion & Memphis Railroad and eventually became the company president. Nathan Bedford Forrest Birth 21 Feb 1938. [253], In June 2020, after Black members of the Tennessee House of Representatives unsuccessfully asked it to eliminate a state celebration of Forrest, Representative Cameron Sexton opined: "I dont think anybody here is truly racist. Sister: Mildred Forrest (1831-1841) Brother: Bedford Forest (b. . The list included the names of 7 officers and 219 white enlisted soldiers. We chose General Forrest". [20][42], His superior officers and Governor of Tennessee Isham G. Harris were surprised that someone of Forrest's wealth and prominence had enlisted as a soldier, especially since significant planters were exempted from service. Many in the United States, including President Grant, backed the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment, which gave voting rights to Americans regardless of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". The historical record does not support his repeated denials that he knew a massacre was taking place or that he even knew a massacre had occurred at all. [160][161] He said he sympathized with them, but denied any formal connection, although he claimed he could muster thousands of men himself. [225] Though it was a novel and succinct condensation of the military principles of mass and maneuver, Bruce Catton writes of the spurious quote: Do not, under any circumstances whatever, quote Forrest as saying 'fustest' and 'mostest'. Avoiding attack by never staying in one place long, Forrest eventually led his troops during the spring and summer of 1864 on raids into west Tennessee, as far north as the banks of the Ohio River in southwest Kentucky and into north Mississippi. MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest's polarizing presence has hung over Memphis since he moved here in 1852 his legacy cemented by a giant statue that loomed over. [100], At the time of the massacre, General Grant was no longer in Tennessee but had transferred to the east to command all U.S. troops. During the war, he became interested in the area around Crowley's Ridge and took up civilian life in 1865 in Memphis, Tennessee. Forrest carried a model 1840 officer's cavalry sword from Horstmann and Sons of Philadelphia. Gen. James H. Wilson, defeated Forrest at the Battle of Selma on April 2, 1865. memorial page for Nathan Bedford Forrest (13 Jul 1821-29 Oct 1877), Find a Grave Memorial ID 355, citing National Confederate Museum at Elm . nathan bedford forrest statue 85 Nathan Bedford Forrest Premium High Res Photos Browse 85 nathan bedford forrest stock photos and images available or search for nathan bedford forrest statue to find more great stock photos and pictures. [170], During the presidential election of 1868, the Ku Klux Klan, under the leadership of Forrest, and other terrorist groups, used brutal violence and intimidation against blacks and Republican voters. [143] James R. Crowe stated, "After the order grew to large numbers we found it necessary to have someone of large experience to command. [77][78][79], Fort Pillow, located 40 miles (64km) upriver from Memphis (near Henning, Tennessee), was initially constructed by Confederate general Gideon Johnson Pillow on the bluffs of the Mississippi River, and taken over by U.S. forces in 1862 after the Confederates had abandoned the fort. The oldest of 12 children, Nathan Bedford Forrest was born July 13, 1821, in Chapel Hill, Tennessee. Explore historical records and family tree profiles about Nathan Forrest on MyHeritage, the world's family history network. Forrest's legacy as "one of the most controversialand popularicons of the war" still draws heated public debate. Middle Tennessee. [37] They had two children, William Montgomery Bedford Forrest (18461908), who enlisted at the age of 15 and served alongside his father in the war, and a daughter, Fanny (18491854), who died in childhood. [159], In an 1868 interview by a Cincinnati newspaper, Forrest claimed that the Klan had 40,000 members in Tennessee and 550,000 total members throughout the Southern United States. "[167] Former Governor of New York Horatio Seymour was nominated as the Democratic presidential candidate, while Forrest's friend, Frank Blair, Jr. was nominated as the Democratic vice presidential candidate, Seymour's running mate. Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 October 29, 1877) was a prominent Confederate Army general during the American Civil War and the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan from 1867 to 1869. [170] These developments worked to the advantage of the Republicans, who focused on the Democratic Party's alleged disloyalty during and after the Civil War. [45] Forrest posted advertisements to join his regiment, with the slogan, "Let's have some fun and kill some Yankees!". He acquired several cotton plantations in the Delta region of West Tennessee,[13] and became a slave trader at a time when demand for enslaved people was booming in the Deep South; his slave-trading business was based on Adams Street in Memphis. A surgeon removed the musket ball a week later without anesthesia, which was unavailable. For other uses, see, Klan prosecution and Congressional testimony (1871), sfn error: no target: CITEREFNewton2014's (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSelect_CommitteePolandScott1872 (, church shooting in Charleston, South Carolina, List of American Civil War generals (Confederate), Nathan Bedford Forrest bust in the Tennessee General Assembly building, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials, "Tennessee to remove bust of Ku Klux Klan leader Nathan Bedford Forrest from state Capitol", "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Nathan Bedford Forrest Boyhood Home", "Lieutenant-General N. B. Forrest and His Campaigns", "Civil War Myths, Mistakes and Fabrications", "The Fort Pillow Massacre. They were later reburied in Columbia, Tennessee. Joint Resolution on the Subject of Retaliation", "KKK leader on specialty license plates? In 1978, Middle Tennessee State University abandoned imagery it had formerly used (in 1951, the school's yearbook, The Midlander, featured the first appearance of Forrest's likeness as MTSU's official mascot) and MTSU president M. G. Scarlett removed the General's image from the university's official seal. The Nathan Bedford Forrest statue was removed along Interstate 65 on Tuesday, December 7, 2021, during in Nashville, Tenn. A few vehicles left the site and the security guard locked the gate. When General Nathan Bedford Forrest was born on 13 July 1821, in Chapel Hill, Marshall, Tennessee, United States, his father, William B Forrest, was 20 and his mother, Miriam A Beck, was 19. General Nathan Bedford Forrest Vest Sells For Amazing Price. When he expressed his opinion to one of General Forrest's granddaughters, she replied after a pause, "You know, we never thought much of Mr. Lincoln in my family". When Forrest rose and approached the bully his larger challenger's "purpose evaporated. [212] Leaders in other localities have also tried to remove or eliminate Forrest monuments, with mixed success. [217] Forrest fought by simple rules; he maintained that "war means fighting and fighting means killing" and the way to win was "to get there first with the most men". [69] Forrest was thought to have been fatally wounded by Gould, but he recovered and was ready to fight in the Chickamauga Campaign. In what would be known as the Third Battle of Murfreesboro, a portion of Forrest's command broke and ran. [228] According to this analysis, Forrest's troops were carrying out Confederate policy. [140] The organization had grown to the point that an experienced commander was needed, and Forrest was well-suited to assume the role. [99] President Abraham Lincoln asked his cabinet for opinions as to how the United States should respond to the massacre. [16] William Forrest worked as a blacksmith in Tennessee until 1834, when he moved with his family to Salem, Mississippi. [85][86] The atrocities at Fort Pillow continued throughout the night. [157] According to Wills, in the August 1867 state elections the Klan was relatively restrained in its actions. [34][35] He also contracted the disease, but survived; his father recovered but died from residual effects of the disease five years later when Bedford was 16. Before the war, Forrest amassed substantial wealth as a cotton plantation owner, horse, and cattle trader, real estate broker, and slave trader. [26], Nathan Bedford Forrest was a tall man who stood sixfeet twoinches (1.88m) in height and weighed about 180 pounds (13st; 82kg);[27][28][29][30] He was noted as having a "striking and commanding presence" by U.S. Army Captain Lewis Hosea, an aide to Gen. James H. Wilson. [56] In December 1862, Forrest's veteran troopers were reassigned by General Braxton Bragg to another officer against his protest. Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified. Nathan Bedford Forrest (1821-1877) was a Confederate general during the Civil War (1861-65). He was buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, but in 1904 his remains were interred in Memphis's Forrest Park. [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136], Forrest was an early member of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), which was formed by six veterans of the Confederate Army in Pulaski, Tennessee, during the spring of 1866[137][138][139] and soon expanded throughout the state and beyond. [171] Grant defeated Horatio Seymour, the Democratic presidential candidate, by a comfortable electoral margin, 214 to 80. "War means fighting, and fighting means killing". The day was worse for U.S. troops, who suffered 223 killed, 394 wounded, and 1,623 missing. Nearly ruined as the result of this failure, Forrest spent his final days running an eight-hundred-acre farm on land he leased on President's Island in the Mississippi River, where he and his wife lived in a log cabin. [11], Nathan Bedford Forrest was born on July 13, 1821, to a poor settler family in a secluded frontier cabin near Chapel Hill hamlet, then part of Bedford County, Tennessee, but now encompassed in Marshall County. Under these laws enforced by Grant and the newly formed Department of Justice, there were over 5,000 indictments and 1,000 convictions of Klan members across the Southern United States. Over 100,000 men from Tennessee served with the Confederacy, and over 31,000 served with the U.S. "The New York Times proclaimed that if the votes in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana were certified in favor of Tilden, thus electing him over Hayes, the Northtwelve years following Appomattoxwould have lost the Civil War to the South: "it will be the sign of the subjugation of the nation by the . Nathan Bedford Forrest Wizard of the Saddle (7222843292).jpg 750 1,050; 290 KB. "[255], On June 3, 2021, the remains of Forrest and his wife were exhumed from their burial place in the park, where they had been for over a century, to be reburied in Columbia, Tennessee. [227] Forrest's claim that the Fort Pillow massacre was an invention of U.S. reporters is contradicted by letters written by Confederate soldiers to their own families, which described extreme brutality on the part of Confederate troops. [192] Consequently, Memphis sold the park land to Memphis Greenspace, a non-profit entity not subject to the Tennessee Heritage Protection Act, which immediately removed the monument as explained below. Historian Court Carney suggested that "embarrassed by their city's early capitulation during the Civil War, white Memphians desperately needed a hero and therefore crafted a distorted depiction of Forrest's role in the war. [23], Forrest was well-known as a Memphis speculator and Mississippi gambler. [43] In October 1861, Forrest was given command of a regiment, the 3rd Tennessee Cavalry. The Life of Nathan Bedford Forrest by Brian Steel Wills. [132] Aiming to right his past wrongs, Forrest encouraged African-Americans to "work, be industrious, live honestly and act truly", as well as declaring that "when you are oppressed, I'll come to your relief". [97] It was the Confederacy's publicly stated position that formerly enslaved people firing on whites would be killed on the spot, along with Southern whites that fought for the Union, whom the Confederacy considered traitors. [80] Forrest had reached the fort at 10:00 am after a hard ride from Mississippi,[80] and his horse was soon shot out from under him, causing him to fall to the ground. This is the story of the Confederate cavalry leader that Shelby Foote called one of the authentic geniuses produced by the American Civil War. Amazon affiliate links: We may earn a small commission from purchases made from Amazon.com . [231], Whether the massacre was premeditated or spontaneous does not address the more fundamental question of whether a massacre took place it certainly did, in every dictionary sense of the word. Congress and Grant passed the Enforcement Acts from 1870 to 1871 to protect the "registration, voting, officeholding, or jury service" of African Americans. The following scene satirically depicts Hanks as Forrest in a Ku Klux Klan outfit, donning a hood and being superimposed into Klan footage from The Birth of a Nation. (Memphis, Tenn.) 18471886, July 06, 1875, Image 1", "Ex-Confederates: Meeting of Cavalry Survivor's Association", "Confederate Veterans on Forrest: 'Unworthy of a Southern gentleman', "Council begins process of removing Nathan Bedford Forrest's remains", "Memphis removes Confederate statues from Downtown parks", "Memphis to Jefferson Davis: 'Na na na na, hey, hey, goodbye', "Bust of Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest Is Unveiled", "Arnold Engineering Development Center, Arnold Air Force Base, Tennessee: An Air Force Materiel Command Test Facility", "Confederate soldiers have their own medal of honor", "Florida High School Keeps KKK Founder's Name", "Confederate general's name removed from Army's road", "Soldier turned down film job to fight, die in Korea", "Forrest Hall: The Evolution of Middle Tennessee's Mascot", "Forrest Hall Name Change Decision Delayed", "Commission denies MTSU's request to change the name of Forrest Hall", "Hank Aaron replaces Confederate general in school name", "May 1, 1863 [No. [218] U.S. Army General William Tecumseh Sherman called him "that devil Forrest" in wartime communications with Ulysses S. Grant and considered him "the most remarkable man our civil war produced on either side".[219][220][4]. The effort was spearheaded by Take 'Em Down 901, an organization dedicated to removing Confederate iconography founded by activist Tami Sawyer. Forrest's Confederate forces were accused of subjecting captured U.S. Army soldiers to extreme brutality, with allegations of back-shooting soldiers who fled into the river, shooting wounded soldiers, burning men alive, nailing men to barrels and igniting them, crucifixion, and hacking men to death with sabers. A contemporary newspaper account from Jackson, Tennessee stated that "General Forrest begged them to surrender", but "not the first sign of surrender was ever given". Forrest had to recruit a new brigade of about 2,000 inexperienced recruits, most of whom lacked weapons. [4] Forrest was born in Oxford, Mississippi, in 1871. [19][13][20] In 1858, Forrest was elected a Memphis city alderman as a Democrat and served two consecutive terms. I think it is the best government in the world, if administered as it was before the war. Cassidy. Modern historians generally believe that Forrest's attack on Fort Pillow was a massacre, noting high casualty rates and the rebels targeting black soldiers. [94] These statements were contradicted by U.S. Army survivors and by the letter of a Confederate soldier who graphically recounted a massacre. [80] Booth and his adjutant were killed in the battle, leaving Fort Pillow under the command of Major William Bradford. [63][64][65], Not all of Forrest's exploits of individual combat involved enemy troops. In June 2021, the remains of Forrest and his wife were exhumed from Health Sciences Park, where they had been buried for over 100 years, and a monument of him once stood. . [243] On March 10, 2012, it was vandalized, and the bronze bust of the general disappeared. Grant wrote in his memoirs that Forrest, in his report of the battle, had "left out the part which shocks humanity to read". Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 - October 29, 1877) was a lieutenant general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. [201], A monument to Forrest in the Confederate Circle section of Old Live Oak Cemetery in Selma, Alabama reads "Defender of Selma, Wizard of the Saddle, Untutored Genius, The first with the most. In June 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and became one of the few soldiers during the war to enlist as a private and be promoted to general without any prior military training. Lieutenant Andrew Wills Gould, an artillery officer in Forrest's command, was being transferred, presumably because cannons under his command[66] were spiked (disabled) by the enemy[67] during the Battle of Day's Gap. Paramount in his strategy was fast movement, even if it meant pushing his horses at a killing pace, to constantly harass the enemy during raids by disrupting their supply trains and communications with the destruction of railroad tracks and the cutting of telegraph lines, as he wheeled around his opponent's flank. Bill Lee Signs Nathan Bedford Forrest Day Proclamation, Is Not Considering Law Change", "Tennessee Governor Slammed Online for Signing Confederate General Proclamation", "Tennessee Gov. [13] Forrest's family lived in a log house (now preserved as the Nathan Bedford Forrest Boyhood Home) from 1830 to 1833. Prominent ex-Confederates, including Forrest, the Grand Wizard of the Klan, and South Carolina's Wade Hampton, attended as delegates at the 1868 Democratic Convention, held at Tammany Hall headquarters at 141 East 14th Street in New York City. The school in Jacksonville was named for Forrest in 1959 at the urging of the Daughters of the Confederacy because they were upset about the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision. Nathan Bedford Forrest War, Ku Klux Klan, League 168 Copy quote I loved the old government in 1861. [171], Forrest testified before the Congressional investigation of Klan activities on June 27, 1871. [236] Foote also made Forrest a major character in his novel Shiloh, which used numerous first-person stories to illustrate a detailed timeline and account of the battle.[237][238]. Tippah County, Mississippi native Jeffery Edward Forrest was a younger and purportedly favorite brother of Nathan Bedford Forrest. He emptied his Colt Army revolvers into the swirling mass of U.S. Army soldiers and pulled out his saber, hacking, and slashing. [50], A few days after the Confederate surrender of Fort Donelson, with the fall of Nashville to U.S. forces imminent, Forrest took command of the city. Birth: 6 Jul 1801 in NC Death: 1837 in Salem,Tippah,MS PEDI: birth Father: Nathan Forrest b: 28 Oct 1776 in ,Orange,NC Mother: Nancy Shepherd Baugh b: 16 Apr 1778 in VA Marriage 1 Mariam Beck b: Abt 1801 in SC Married: 1820 in Gallatin,Bedford,TN Children 1. [24] In 1859, he bought two large cotton plantations in Coahoma County, Mississippi and a half-interest in another plantation in Arkansas;[25] by October 1860, he owned at least 3,345 acres in Mississippi. Eva, TN 38333. [221] He grasped the doctrines of mobile warfare[222] that would eventually become prevalent in the 20th century. [9] In the last years of his life, Forrest insisted he had never been a member,[10] and made public calls for black advancement. . [13], Forrest served with the main army at the Battle of Chickamauga on September 1820, 1863, in which he pursued the retreating U.S. Army and took hundreds of prisoners. People. Nathan Bedford Forrest Civil War Print, Gallery Of Gettysburg Brand New $6.40 endzonecards23 (2,459) 100% Was: $8.00 20% off or Best Offer +$5.00 shipping Sponsored General Nathan Bedford Forrest Framed Limited Edition Print "That Devil Forrest" Pre-Owned $350.00 lefor-4928 (0) 0% or Best Offer +$12.45 shipping Sponsored Nathan Bedford Forrest died in Memphis, Tennessee on October 29, 1877. [81] Bradford refused to surrender, believing his troops could escape to the U.S. Navy gunboat, USS New Era, on the Mississippi River. [193][194], Many memorials have been erected to Forrest, especially in Tennessee and adjacent southern states. Conflicting accounts of what occurred were given later.[87][88][89]. On May 9, 1865, at Gainesville, Forrest read his farewell address to the men under his command, urging them to "submit to the powers to be, and to aid in restoring peace and establishing law and order throughout the land. If you read Eddy W. Davison's "Nathan Bedford Forrest: In Search of the Enigma," on page 464 and 474-475, you can see that Forrest not only publicly disavowed the KKK and worked to terminate it, but in August 1874, Forrest "volunteered to help 'exterminate' those men responsible for the continued violence against the blacks." After the murder of four blacks by a lynch mob after they were . Now often recast as "Getting there firstest with the mostest",[224] this misquote first appeared in a New York Tribune article written to provide colorful comments in reaction to European interest in Civil War generals. By then, all were fully armed with captured U.S. Army weapons. Nathan Bedford Forrest. Forrest is often erroneously quoted as saying his strategy was to "git thar fustest with the mostest". One of the wounded Matlock men survived and served under Forrest during the Civil War. Despite having no formal military training, Forrest rose from the rank of private to lieutenant. 769 Words4 Pages. [143] The title "Grand Wizard" was chosen because General Forrest had been known as "The Wizard of the Saddle" during the war. [144] Another member wrote, "N. B. A common report is that Forrest arrived in Nashville in April 1867 while the Klan was meeting at the Maxwell House Hotel, probably at the encouragement of a state Klan leader, former Confederate general George Gordon. Of about 2,000 inexperienced recruits, most of whom lacked weapons occurred were given later [... Sons of Philadelphia the Battle, leaving Fort Pillow under the command of Major William Bradford These statements contradicted... Of 12 children, Nathan Bedford Forrest War, Ku Klux Klan, League 168 Copy quote i loved old... Of about 2,000 inexperienced recruits, most of whom lacked weapons 86 ] the atrocities at Fort Pillow throughout... Third Battle of Murfreesboro, a month later, Forrest was back in action at the top of the (. 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